Lesson # 2 Patriotism
سبق نمبر2 "حب الوطنی"
1۔ حُب الوطنی کا مطلب اپنے اآبائی وطن سے پیار یا اپنے ملک
سے عقیدت ہے۔ ایک محب ِوطن اپنے ملک سے پیار کرتا
ہے اور ضرورت پڑنے پر قربانی دینے
کے لیے تیار رہتا ہے۔ لفظ "Patriota"لاطینی لفظ"Patriot" سے نکلا ہے جس کا
مطلب "ہم وطن" ہے۔ یہ ایک
قابل ِ تحسین خوبی سمجھی جاتی ہے۔
2۔حب الوطنی لوگوں کو ملک اور
قوم کے مفاد کی حفاظت کرنے کی طاقت اور حوصلہ دیتی ہے۔ایک محب ِ وطن کے
لیے
ملک کی خود مختاری، سالمیت اور عزت وہ اعلیٰ اقدار ہیں جن پر کوئی سمجھوتہ
نہیں کیا جا سکتا۔ محب ِ وطن ان اقدار کے
تحفظ اور حفاظت کے لیے قربانی دیتے ہیں۔
3۔ قائد اعظم محمد
علی جناح ایک عظیم معمار ِ قوم اور محب وطن تھے۔ وہ بر صغیر کے مسلمانوں کی
اقدار ، ثقافت اور
روایات کی حفاظت کرنا چاہتے تھے۔ اُنہوں نے ایک علیحدہ وطن حاصل کر کے
مسلمانوں کو اپنی شناخت کا احساس دیا
اُنہوں نے
فرمایا:
"ہمیں حب الوطنی کے جذبے کو ضرور اُبھارنا ہے جو ہم
سب کو ایک متحد اور مظبوط قہم میں ڈھال دے"
4۔ حُب
الوطنی کا جذبہ ہمیں غیر ملکی حملے کی صورت میں چوکنا رکھتا ہے۔ پاکستان کی تاریخ
میں ہمیں بہت سی ایسی مثالیں
ملتی ہیں جب لوگوں نے
ملکی دفاع کے لیے اپنی جانیں قربان کیں۔ 1971,1965اور کارگل کی جنگوں میں
کئی بہادر
سپاہیوں نے اپنے وطن کی حفاظت کی کوشش میں اپنی جانیں دیں۔ کیپٹن محمد
سرور، میجر محمد طفیل،میجر عزیز بھٹی ، پائلٹ
افسر راشد منہاس، میجر محمد اکرم، میجر شبیر شہید،کیپٹن کرنل
شیر خاں اور حوالدار لالک جان نے آبائی سرزمین کے لیے
بہادری سے لڑتے ہوئے شہادت پائی۔ ان سب کو نشانِ حیدر سے نوازا گیا، یہ سب
سے بٹا فوجی اعزاز ہے جو اُن عظیم محب
وطنوں کو دیا جاتا ہے جو وطن کی خاطر اپنی جانوں کو قربان کرتے ہیں۔
5۔تاہم حب الوطنی
ایک احسان ہی نہیں بلکہ یہ ایک زندہ جذبہ ہے جو کسی قوم کو مسلسل متحرک رکھتا ہے
اور اس کی
! راہنمائی کرتا ہے۔ ایس۔ڈبلیو سکاٹ کے الفاظ میں حب الوطنی کے جذبے سے عاری
شخص ایسا ہوتا ہے کہ
جس نے کبھی خود سے نہ کہا ہو، یہ میری اپنی،اپنی سرزمین
ہے"۔ "آدمی سانس
لیتا ہے ایک مردہ روح کے ساتھ،
Answer Questions
Q-1. How will you define patriotism?
Ans. Patriotism means love for
the motherland or devotions to one’s country.
Q-2. What are the qualities of a
patriot?
Ans. A patriot loves his country
and willing to sacrifice for it. For a patriot the sovereignty, integrity
and honor of the country are supreme
values on which no compromise can be made.
Q-3. As a citizen of Pakistan
what are your duties to wards your country?
Ans. As a citizen of Pakistan, we
should work for its development. We should render sacrifice for the
preservation and protection of sovereignty,
integrity and honor of our country.
Q-4. What makes us stay alert in
the wake of foreign invasion?
Ans. The spirit of patriotism
makes us stay alert in the wake of foreign invasion.
Q-5. How will you elaborate Quaid-a-Azam
Muhammad Ali Jinnah’s quote?
“We
must develop a sense of patriotism which galvanizes us all into one united and
strong nation.”
Ans. In this quote, he told us a
way to become a united and strong nation by developing the sense of
patriotism.
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Q-1. Who offers sacrifice for the
country?
Ans. A patriot offers sacrifice
for the country.
Q-2. Who led the Muslims of the
subcontinent in their struggle for a separate homeland?
Ans. Quaid-a-Azam led the Muslims
of the subcontinent in their struggle for a separate home land.
Q-3. What is the highest military
award of Pakistan?
Ans. “Nishan-e-Haider” is the
highest military award of Pakistan.
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Q-1. Who is a patriot?
Ans. A patriot is an individual
who loves, honors and defends his own country.
Q-2. What did the Quaid say about
the patriotism?
Ans. He said, “We must develop a
sense of patriotism which galvanizes us all into one united and
strong nation.”
Lesson
# 3 Media and Its Impact
سبق نمبر 3 (میڈیا اور اس کا اثر)
مس عائشہ جماعت نہم کی پسندیدہ اُستانی ہے۔ طلباء بڑے شوق
سے اُس کی جماعت میں حاضر ہوتے ہیں۔
مس عائشہ اپنی حسب ِ معمول
مسکراہٹ کے ساتھ کمرہ جماعت میں داخل ہوتی ہیں، طلباء کو سلام کرتی ہیں،اور حاضری
لگاتی
ہیں۔یہ اُن کا بزم ِادب کا دن ہے۔طلباء مکمل
طور پر تیار ہیں۔ وہ جانتے ہیں کہ کیا ہونے والا ہے اور وہ اس کے لیے تیار
ہیں۔
وہ نرمی سے پوچھتی ہیں: کیا ہم شروع کریں۔
طلباء سر ہلا کر اشارہ
کرتے ہیں"ہاں"
اُستانی: اچھا ،
جیسا کہ پہلے ہی آج کی بات چیت کے موضوع کا نتخاب کر چکے ہیں وہ
ہے"میڈیا کا کردار اور اس کا اثر"
شروع کرتے ہوئے میں واضح طور پر بتانا
چاہوں گی کہ میڈیا رابطے کا سب سے طاقتور ذریعہ ہے۔ یہ لوگوں کو
خبریں اور معلومات دیتا ہے۔بعض
اوقات میڈیا جھوٹی خبریں پھیلاتا ہے لیکن عام طور پر یہ ہمیں ہمارے گرد و
نواح کی حقیقتوں سے آگاہ کرتا ہے۔ کیا آپ
متفق ہیں؟
طلباء:
ہاں ہم ہیں۔
طالب علم1:
میں اس بات میں مزید کچھ اضافہ کرنا چاہوں گا۔
اُستانی:
ہاں بے شک۔
طالب علم 1: میڈیا
دنیا کے علم کو بانٹنے میں لوگوں کی مدد کرتا ہے۔ اس کے ذریعے اُن کے احساسات اور
آراء کا اظہار
ہوتا ہے۔ میڈیا سامعین کی بڑی تعداد کو
اپنی طرف متوجہ کرتا ہے۔ کیا آپ نے کبھی غور کیا ہے کہ گھر میں
داخل ہونے کے
بعد ہم سب کا پہلا کام ٹیلی وژن لگانے کا کرتے ہیں؟
استانی:
اس کے متعلق تو کوئی شک نہیں۔
طالب علم 2: میں کہنا
چاہتا ہوں گا کہ میڈیا ہماری زندگیوں کا حصہ بن چکا ہے۔ یہ نا صرف ہمیں آگاہ کرتا
ہے بلکہ ہمیں
تفریح بھی
دیتا ہے۔
اُستانی:
بالکل ٹھیک۔ اچھا تو کیا آپ مواصلات کے دو برے ذرائع سے
متعلق جانتے ہیں؟
طالب علم3:
مواصلات کے دوبڑے ذرائع الیکٹرانک میڈیا اور پرنٹ میڈیا ہیں۔میڈیا فلم،ریڈیو،ٹیلی
وژن، انٹرنیٹ کتابوں
،رسالوں اور اخبارات پر مشتمل ہے۔ یہ
ہمیں معلوموت مہیا کرنے کے ساتھ ساتھ تفریحی بھی دیتا ہے۔
اُستانی:
خوب! اسی میدیا کی وجہ سے آج دنیا یاک عالمگیر گاؤں بن چکی ہے۔ ٹیلی
وژن پر دنیا کے تمام اہم واقعات کی
رپورٹنگ ہوتی ہے۔ ہم میڈیا کے ذریعے تمام قسم
کی معلومات تک آسانی سے رسائی حاصل کر سکتے ہیں۔
طالب علم4: کیا ہم یہ کہہ سکتے
ہیں کہ دنیا صرف ایک کلک کی دوری پر ہے؟
اُستانی:
شاید، اچھا! تو کیا کوئی دوسرا طالب علم اس (موضوع) پر کچھ کہنا
پسند کرے گا؟(مس عائشہ آخر میں بیٹھے ہوئے
طالبعلم کی طرف اشارہ کرتی ہے)
طالب علم 5: میڈم، میری رائے
میں میڈیا معاشرے کے لیے بڑا تعمیری کردار ادا کرتا ہے۔ یہ بد عنوانی ، دہشت
گردی،نشے کی عادت اور انسانی حقوق کی
پامالی جیسے کئی معاشرتی مسائل سے آگاہی بڑھاتا ہے۔
اُستانی:
ہاں تم ٹھیک کہتے ہو۔
طالب علم6: میڈیا مظلوم لوگوں
کا ترجمان بھی بن چکا ہے۔
اُستانی:
ہاں، اچھی بات کہی۔ یہ کہنا غلط نہ ہو گا کہ میدیا انتہائی با خبر اِدارہ
ہے جو معاشرہ کے ہر طبقے پر نظر رکھتا ہے۔
مباحثوں ،رپورٹوں اور ٹاک شوز کے ذریعے یہ ہر کسی کو
جواب دہ اور ذمہ دار بناتا ہے۔اسی لیے میڈیا ہماری
زندگیوں کا ایک ضروری حصہ بن گیا ہے۔ اب میں آپ میں
سے کسی ایک کو دعوت دیتی ہوں کہ وہ اس گفتگو
کو سمیٹ دے۔
طالب علم1: میں یہ کہتے ہوئے اس
بات چیت کو سمیٹنا چاہوں گا کہ اگر ایمانداری سے کام ہو تا میڈیا بڑا مثبت کردار
اور
اصلاحی تاثر پیدا کر سکتا ہے۔
اُستانی:
اچھا اختتام۔ میں بہت خوش ہوں کہ آپ سب نے اس گفتگو میں حصہ لیا اور
بڑے اچھے طریقے سے اپنی
سوچوں کا اظہار کیا۔
(گھنٹی بجتی ہے اور مس عائشہ جماعت کو خدا حافظ کہتے ہوئے چلی جاتی
ہے)
Answer Questions
Q-1. What is the most important function that media performs?
Ans. Its most important function
is its service as the powerful device of communication.
Q-2. What are the two major means
of communication?
Ans. Electronic and print media
are the two major means of communication.
Q-3. What happens when media is
allowed to play its role unchecked?
Ans. If media is allowed to play
its role unchecked, the mean, selfish and business-minded
persons would try to exploit common men using it cunningly dishonestly.
Q-4. Give three reasons in sport
of your favorite TV program.
Ans. I like the news program for
the following three reasons:
I----It provides important information.
II- -It makes us aware of the
changing of circumstances.
III- It provides us entertainment showing latest news
about interesting and strange incidents of
the current world.
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Q-1. What is the difference
between electronic and print media?
Ans. Electronic media conveys
information through electronic devices in audio/video form but the
print media provides information in
form of material printed on paper.
Q-2. Guess the meaning of
“tutorial”?
Ans. The word “tutorial” means a
teaching session under the direction of a tutor.
Q-3. What type of information
does media provide?
Ans. It provides us every
information about important incidents and realities of our daily life.
Q-4. Is TV taking away the habit
of reading?
Ans. Yes, It is taking away the
habit of reading.
Q-5. What is your favorite TV
program? And why?
Ans. Javaid Chaudhary’s program
“Kal Tak” is my favorite TV program. It is very imformative,
logical and factual program.
Lesson
# 4 Hazrat Asma (RA)
Q-1. What happened when Abu Jehl
asked about Hazrat Abu Bakar (RA)?
Ans. Hazrat Asma (RA) simply
posed a counter question. She politely replied, “How would I know”?
Q-2. Why was Abu Quaffa (RA)
worried?
Ans. He was worried about the
gold, jewels and money that had taken away by Hazrat Abu Bakar (RA).
Q-3. How did Hazrat Asma (RA)
console her grand father?
Ans. She put some pebbles at the
place of money and jewels and covered them with a piece
of cloth. She made her grand father touch them and said that Hazrat Abu
Bakar (RA)
had left all his wealth at home. In this way, she wisely consoled her
grand father.
Q-4. Who was Hazrat Abdullah Bin
Zubair (RA)?
Ans. He was the son of Hazrat
Asma (RA).
Q-5. Which incident in the story
showed Hazrat Asma’s (RA) love and respect for the Holy
Prophet (SAW)?
Ans. Every night, without taken
any care for her life, she would quietly venture towards the cave of
Thawr to supply food to the Prophet of Allah
(SAW) and her father Hazrat Abu Bakar (RA). It
shows her love and respect for the Holy Prophet (SAW). That was why,
she was given the title of
“Zat-un-Nataqin” by the Holy Prophet (SAW).
Q-6. Which incident in the story
tells about the generosity of Hazrat Asma (RA)?
Ans. When she inherited a garden
after the death of her sister Hazrat Ayesha (RA), She instantly sold
it and gave away all the money to the poor and needy
people, and felt more pleasure than
receivers.
Q-7. What message do you get from
the life of Hazrat Asma (RA)?
Ans. We get the message, that we
should bravely face every calamity of life for the cause of right
path. We should keep walking on the
right path that lead us to Allah and his Prophet (SAW).
Q-8. “Her life would always be a
beacon of light for all of us” How?
Ans. She was brave, wise,
courageous and generous. She did not care for her life but she served the
Prophet of Allah (SAW) through
thick and thin. She faced every calamity of life with patience
and valor. So, we can say that her life would be a
beacon of light for all of us.
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Q-1. Who were emigrants and where
did they migrate?
Ans. The Holy Prophet (SAW) and
Hazrat Abu Bakar (RA) were emigrants. They migrated from
Makkah to Madina.
Q-2. What do you understand by
the phrase “in a fit of fury”?
Ans. It means “being mad with
anger”.
Q-3. Why was Abu Jehl furious?
Ans. He was furious because he
was sure that the Holy Prophet (SAW) had gone away his reach.
Q-4. What other words you can use
for “accepted”?
Ans. We can use following words
for it: Admitted, received, gotten, took in, etc.
Lesson
# 6 The Quaid’s Vision And Pakistan
Q-1. How much confidence did
Quaid-e-Azam have in his nation?
Ans. He had much confidence in
his nation and thought that if the people become united they can get
their lost dignity.
Q-2. What was the Quaid’s concept of
our nation?
Ans. The Quaid said that we have
distinctive outlook on life. According to our distinctive culture,
civilization, language, literature,
art, nomenclature, laws, moral codes, customs, history and
traditions we are a nation.
Q-3. What was the ideology of Pakistan
in view of Quaid-e-Azam?
Ans. According to the view of
view of Quaid-e-Azam the ideology of Pakistan was based on the
fundamental principal that the
Muslims are an independent nation.
Q-4. What can be possible solution to
our present problems?
Ans. We can solve our present
problems by unity and following our Quaid’s golden motto,
“Faith Unity and Discipline”.
Q-5. How can we become a strong nation?
Ans. We can become a strong
nation by following the principles and advises given by our Quaid.
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Q-1. Why did the Quaid have to take the
long tours during early days of independence?
Ans. The Quaid took long tours
because he wanted to build confidence and raise the spirit of
nationalism among his people.
Q-2. Why did the Quaid want the oneness
of the whole nation?
Ans. In this way, he wanted to
see the whole nation strong and prosperous.
Q-3. Are we working according to the
expectations of the great leader?
Ans. No, we are not working
according to the expectations of the great leader.
Q-4. What is the result of neglecting
the advice of the Quaid?
Ans. It is the result of our negligence that we
have become disunited and have divided into bits and
pieces. In this way, now we have reached the verge
of chaos.
Lesson # 7 Sultan Ahmad Mosque
Q-1. Why Sultan Ahmad Mosque is
known as blue as blue Mosque?
Ans. It is also known as blue
Mosque because of the blue tiles that embellish its interior.
Q-2. Who was appointed as the architect
of the Mosque?
Ans. The royal architect Sedefhar
Mehmat Aga, was appointed as the architect of the Mosque.
Q-3. Why was a heavy iron chain hung at
the entrance of the court?
Ans. It was put there so that the
sultan had to lower his head every time he entered the court.
Q-4. How does the interior of the
Mosque look?
Ans. The interior of the Mosque
is embellished with blue tiles, which gives its interior an attractive
look.
Q-5. Why do you think Madrassah and
hospice was part of the Mosque?
Ans. I think that the Madrassah
and hospice were used for the well-being of the Muslims. That was
why, those were the part of the Mosque.
Q-6. Who constructed the Mosque Sophia?
Ans. It was constructed by
an Ottoman Caliph.
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Q-1. Who started the construction of
blue Mosque?
Ans. Ahmad I started the
construction of blue Mosque.
Q-2. In whose reign the construction
was completed?
Ans. The construction was
completed in the reign of Mustafa I.
Q-3. For purpose does a heavy iron
chain hang there?
Ans. It was put there so that the
sultan had to lower his head every time he entered the court.
Q-4. Where is the royal room situated?
Ans. The royal room is situated
at the south east corner of the Mosque.
Lesson # 9 All Is Not Lost
Q-1. Why did the nurse ask Hira's
sister to come and talk to her?
Ans. The nurse thought that the
voice of Hira's sister might activate her damaged neurons.
Q-2. Why did the nurse disagree with
the doctor's point of view?
Ans. She was disagreed
because the doctors was not hopeful about the recovery of Hira.
Q-3. Why did the nurse ask herself the
question; "was it worthwhile to oppose and fight the
decision of
senior and more qualified surgeons?
Ans. She asked herself this
question to consider her judgement about the patient.
Q-4. Describe some qualities of
the personality of the nurse in the story.
Ans. She was wise, devoted,
sincere, honest, kind hearted and ambitious. As well as She has positive
thinking and a strong will power.
Q-5. Why did the nurse say; "Where
there is a will there is a way"?
Ans. With strong will power and
positive thinking a man can also accomplish impossible tasks, that
was why, she said “where there is a will
there is a way”.
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Q-1. What is an ICU in a hospital?
Ans. To look after most
carefully, serious patients are kept in a particular unit called “Intensive
Care Unit” called ICU.
Q-2. To what extent does the recovery
of a patient depends upon the doctor and the nurse?
Ans. The recovery of a patient
depends upon them because a patient cannot recover without their
treatment and proper care.
Q-3.What do you infer about her
professional skills from the expression “Try once for her”?
Ans. Her expression shows that
she is very kind, sincere, devoted and caring nurse.
Lesson # 10 Drug Addiction
Q-1. What are the effects of drug
addiction?
Ans. The effects of drug
addiction are very harmful. It causes permanent mental and physical
sickness
as well as it destroys our financial carrier.
Q-2. What are the causes of drug
addiction?
Ans. It is caused by genetic and
environmental factors.
Q-3. What important role do
rehabilitation centers play to control drug addiction?
Ans. These centers provide drug
victims complete treatment and guidance, as well as they strictly
supervise them.
Q-4. What is the role of counseling in
preventing drug addiction?
Ans. It makes awareness about the
dangers of drugs. In this way, it helps to get rid of drugs. So, the
sooner it is done, the better it is
for the victim.
Q-5. Why do families feel reluctant to
take the drug victims to drug rehabilitation centers?
Ans. They do so for fear of being
declared an out cast.
Q-6. What are the responsibilities of
the families to ensure complete recovery of such patients?
Ans. For this purpose, they must
critically watch and counsel the victim for better motivation and
adjustment.
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Q-1. Are drug addicts aware of the
dangers of drugs?
Ans. Yes, sometimes they aware of
its dangers but most of them has not awareness of it.
Q-2. Which environmental factors are
responsible for drug addiction?
Ans. There are two main
environmental factors may cause drug addiction are bad peer influence and
troubled domestic background.
Q-3. What treatment is available at
rehabilitation centers for drug victims?
Ans. They provide complete
medical support and guidance, as well as counseling to these people.
They strictly supervise the victims.
Q-4. What do you understand by the term
"Counseling"?
Ans. Counseling means a meaningful discussion on a
matter for the better solution for personal and
psychological problems.
Lesson # 11 Noise in the
Environment
Q-1. How do you define noise pollution?
Ans. Any form of noise that
disrupts the functioning of life is called noise pollution.
Q-2. How is transport a source of noise
pollution?
Ans.It is a source of noise
pollution because of excessive use of horns and fast driving in urban areas.
Q-3. How is construction work a cause
of noise pollution?
Ans. It is cause of noise
pollution due to use of heavy machinery, grilling and piercing sounds etc.
Q-4. How is use of the technology
causing noise pollution?
Ans. The use of technology like
generators, loud speakers, music player and mobile phones etc is
causing the noise pollution due to its
irresponsible use.
Q-5. Why is noise dangerous for human
health?
Ans. It disturbs our nervous
system as well as damages our hearing. So, it causes aggression, hyper
tension, restlessness, depression and
insomnia etc.
Q-6. What kind of precautions may
reduce noise coming electronic devices?
Ans. In this case, first of all,
people need to develop some civic responsibilities while using electronic
devices. It may reduce noise.
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Q-1. What is normal functioning and how
is it disrupts?
Ans. It means our daily routine
work. It is disrupted by various means of noise pollution.
Q-2. How does technology increase noise
pollution? What are the technology based irritants?
Ans. It increases noise pollution
when it is used irresponsibly. The technology based irritants are
T.V., radio, mobile phone,
music systems, generators and loud speakers etc.
Q-3. How can we cope with this serious
issue?
Ans. It needs more attention at local and state
level. It needs more awareness about the dangers of
noise on human health. So we should acquire more
civic sense and responsibility for this issue.
Lesson # 12 Three Days to See
Q-1. Who was Hellen Keller?
Ans. She was an American lady. She was a great
author although she was blind and deaf.
Q-2. Describe the thought expressed by
the author in the first paragraph.
Ans. She said that it would be an excellent rule to
live each day as if we should die tomorrow. In this
way, the values of life would be rise.
Q-3. What makes you feel that the
author is sad and depressed?
Ans. She is blind and deaf, and her wish to
see the world makes us feel that she is sad and depressed.
Q-4. How do you get an impression that
Hellen Keller was a great admirer of nature?
Ans. The way she feels and expresses the beauty of
objects of nature shows that she is a great admirer
of nature.
Q-5. People who are deprived of sight
not devoid of imagination. Discuss referring to the text.
Ans. They did not devoid of imagination because the
authoress of the lesson is blind but her views
prove that she had great imagination.
Q-6. "Tome the pageant of seasons
is an unending drama", Comment.
Ans. She says that continuity of change of seasons
never ends. It is endless. So, in this way, the
pageant of seasons is an unending
drama for her.
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Q-1. How can you relate the
phrase"eat drink and be merry"?
Ans. It means to live each day will fine state one
vigor.
Q-2. Why is the arising of the sun so
special for the author?
Ans. It is special for her because it is the
thrilling miracle by which night is transformed into day.
Q-3. What does the revelation of beauty
to her?
Ans. It means to have glimpse of beauty, which is
apparent for those who have sight as well as
insight.
Q-4. Why has she no time to waste in
longings?
Ans. She has no time to waste in regret for
longings because the three days has given her a lot of
revelations.
Q-5. What is the meaning of the
phrase" A thrilling and unending drama"
Ans. She says that continuity of change of seasons
never ends. It is endless. So, in this way, the
pageant of seasons is an unending
drama for her.
Q-6. Explain the difference between
facilities and opportunities.
Ans. Available things is a facility, but
availability of favorable time to get such a thing is called an
opportunity.
جملے
SENTENCES
Century:.....................A century
consists of hundred years.
Conquest:................. The conquest of
Makkah is an important event in the history of Islam.
Influential:................ He was an influential
political leader.
Determination:......... Ali has succeeded by
his sheer determination.
Delegation:............... The pagan Arabs sent a
delegation to the Holy Prophet’s (SAW) uncle.
Quietly:......................He went quietly into
the house.
Urge: .........................She had pressing
urge to become a doctor.
Ignorance:................ .We should eliminate
ignorance from our society.
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Sacrifice:................... We should be ready to
sacrifice for our country.
Commendable:...........Patriotism is a commendable
quality.
Prosperity:..................We should be work for
the prosperity of our country.
Invasion:....................We should be ready to
face of foreign invasion.
Motherland:................I love my motherland.
Responsible:..............We should be responsible
citizen.
Nationalism:..............We should prefer
nationalism instead of provincialism.
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Geared up:................ The students are all
geared up.
Global village:...........It’s through media that
the world has become a global village.
A click away:.............Now, the world is just a
click away.
Constructive role:.. ...Media plays very
constructive role for society.
Raise awareness:........Media raises awareness in
people.
To keep an eye:....... ..Media tries to keep an eye
on every segment of the society.
A mouth piece:.......... Media has become a mouth
piece of downtrodden.
Downtrodden:............Media has become a mouth
piece of downtrodden.
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Mad with anger:........His misbehavior made his
brother mad with anger.
Fit of fury:.................He slapped her face in
a fit of fury.
Revealed the secret: .She remained steadfast and
did not reveal the secret.
Resolute:...................She had resolute faith
in Allah Almighty.
Alleviate:...................His concern was
alleviated.
Migration:................ The Holy Prophet (SAW)
migrated from Makkah to Madina.
Companion:...............A good companion is a
great blessing of God.
Refuge:......................They took refuge in a
cave.
Gave away:................She sold her garden and
gave away all her money to the poor.
Determined:............ ..We should be determined
to become a good person.
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Bits and pieces...........We should not divide into
bits and pieces.
Man in the street.... ...Our government does not
benefits a man in the street.
Raising spirit..............Our Quaid wanted to
raise spirit in our nation.
Pass through........... ...I have passed through
many problems.
Fall a prey..................Unfortunately, he fell
a prey to drugs.
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Impressive.................It is an impressive
building.
Dexterously...............He was a talented
baseball player because he was dexterous.
Spacious....................The Mosque has a
spacious courtyard.
Humility....................She accepts her
mistakes with humility.
Flamboyant.............. His mannerisms were
flamboyant and extroverted.
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
To save the world... ..Nuclear weapons should be
banned to save the world.
Near and dear......... ..My son is near and dear to
me.
Lost battle................. Allah helped me to win
a lost battle.
Ironic smile.............. .He gave me an ironic
smile.
An inner voice....... ..An inner voice some
where within.
To make up
I made up my mind to risk my career.
one's mind...........
Frozen to the
She was frozen to the ground to know about her result.
ground..............
Poop in mind........... .Several questions pooping
in my mind.
Look for....................I am looking for
nice people.
Big hug......................He gave me a big hug.
Bear fruit.................. At last my
efforts bore fruit.
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Fall a prey to........... Why do people fall
a prey to drugs.
Addicted to............... He is addicted to drugs.
In order to................ We should develop some
civic responsibility in order to wipe out the
Serious
threats of society.
In this regard.......... She rendered useful
services in this regard.
{ Declared an
People often did not admit their fault for fear of being declared
an
outcast}...............Outcast.
Due to........................He is physically weak
due to his illness.
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
At stake.....................The life of a driver
is always at stake.
Immense.................. He was carrying
immense load.
Ill at ease...................Some people put other
residents ill at ease.
{Civic res
We should develop some civic responsibility in order
to wipe out the
Responsibility}.....serious threats
of society.
Concentration........ We should learn
everything with fully concentration.
Brig down................. We should try to bring
down serious threats of our society.
Gear up......................We should be gear up
to face every hardship.
Come forward......... We should come forward
to check drug addiction.
To check....................We should come forward
to check drug addiction.
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Values of life............ We should the values of
life for better living.
Vigor.........................We should live each
day with vigor.
Spiritual values....... We should also know
about spiritual values.
Thrilling miracle.... The rising of
the sun is a thrilling miracle.
Revelation of
The dawn of each day is new revelation of beauty.
beauty..........
Now and then......... Now and then I tested
myself for my duties.
Delicate
I feel the delicate symmetry of a leaf.
symmetry..........
Velvety texture....... I feel the
delightful velvety texture of a flower.
Occasionally............ Occasionally, I go
to a garden to walk.
Dormant and
We should try to awake the dormant and sluggish faculties of our
sluggish faculties
students.
________________________________________
SHORT
SUMMARIES OF THE POEMS
سمریاں
This poem is written by William Wordsworth.
He is known as the poet of nature. In this poem, “Daffodils” the poet describes
the soothing effects of the sights of nature. The poem is a tribute to nature
and its manifestations in all its glory. The poet beautifully presents before
us not only the attractive and exciting beauty of nature but also the purifying
and enduring impact of it on human beings. In this way, he present his own
experience of nature through this beautiful poem.
Once the poet was wandering lonely like a cloud. Suddenly he saw a large
number of daffodils growing by the bank of the lake under a tree. The flowers
were waving in the cool breeze. The flowers seemed to be dancing happily. The
beauty of daffodils was more charming than the waves in the lake. The poet was
very much delighted to see this beautiful sight. When often the poet was in sad
mode, the memory of the happy and joyful daffodils sight left soothing effects
in the mind of the poet. In other words, the poet felt great pleasure and joy
to remind the sight of daffodils.
DAFFODILS-2
“Daffodils”
is a charming and fascinating poem by William Wordsworth. In this poem, the
poet describes the beautiful objects of nature like breeze, waves and daffodils.
One day the
poet was wandering alone along the bank of a lake in a countryside. Suddenly he
saw a large number of golden daffodils. These flowers were growing beside the
lake, happily dancing in the breeze and stretching like the stars in the Milky
Way. The waves of the lake were also dancing with joy but the daffodils
surpassed them. The poet was much delighted to see this beautiful scene.
In the end, the poet says that whenever he is in a sad mood, the
sight of the daffodils comes into his imagination and his heart is filled with
pleasure, Thus a thing of beauty is a joy forever.
Stopping by Woods on a Snowy Evening-1
This symbolic
poem is written by Robert Frost. It is his famous poem. In this poem the poet
is traveling through a forest at the time of evening. He has to travel a long
distance to reach his home. The cold winds are blowing and the snow flakes are
falling. The forest is dark and lonesome. There is no any farmhouse nearby.
He happens
to look around and he feels attraction towards the woods. Suddenly, he stops
there to have a look at natural beauty. His horse finds it strange to stop in
lonely place. The poet wants to enjoy there but his responsibilities pull him
out of the woods. He has to do many things before sleeping. Therefore he
continuous his journey.
In this way,
the poet wanted to teach us the lesson about the realities of life. So we
should learn from this poem that we must maintain balance between reality and
the world of fantasy.
Stopping by Woods on a Snowy Evening-2
“Stopping by Woods
on a Snowy Evening” is a thought-provoking poem composed by Robert Frost. In
this poem, the poet describes the conflict between love of nature and call of
social responsibilities.
On a dark
winter evening, the poet stops his little horse to watch the snow falling in
the woods. Finding that the owner of the woods is absent, he lingers his stay.
At this his horse is confused. He shakes his harness bell to ask if there is
some mistake. Now the poet realizes the pull of obligations and the
considerable distance before he can rest for the night.
In short, the poem trumpets the
beauty of nature and hints at the need to carry on the daily affairs of life.
The world of fantasy is very inviting, but one must maintain balance between
the world of fantasy and reality.
خطوط
LETTERS
1. Write a letter to your mother who is
worried about your health.
Examination Hall,
City A.B.C.
August 11,2015.
Dear Mother,
I received your letter yesterday. I am very glad to
know that you are enjoying good health. I was running a temperature due to bad
throat. But it was a temporary ailment. I have recovered now.
You need not worry about my health. I am perfectly
all right. I am taking good care of my diet. I take exercise regularly. I hope
that after these assurances you will stop worrying about me.
Pay my regards to all at home.
Yours affectionately,
X. Y. Z.
2. letter to your father asking him about the health of your
mother.
Examination Hall,
City A.B.C.
August 11,2015.
Dear Father,
From Ali’s letter I have come to know that mother is
suffering from high blood pressure. I am really worried about her. I hope that
she is taking precautionary measures to bring it to normal. Please ask her to
take her medicine regularly and inform me about her present condition as early
as possible.
Anxiously waiting for your reply.
Yours affectionately,
X. Y. Z.
3. Letter to your sister congratulating her on her success in the
exams.
Examination Hall,
City A.B.C.
August 11,2015.
Dear Aamira,
Your letter brought the happy news of your excellent
result in the final examination of 9th class. I am very happy to learn that you
have stood first in your class and maintained your position. I am very proud of
you. You have always been a hardworking student and I hope you will work even
harder next year for the competition will be quite hard.
Accept my heartiest congratulations on your success. Pay
my compliments to your friends.
Yours affectionately,
X. Y. Z.
4. Write a letter to your mother about the test you have just
taken.
Examination Hall,
City A.B.C.
August 11,2015.
Dear Mother,
I am sorry, I did not write to you earlier as I was
busy preparing for my test in Physics. It was held yesterday. My performance in
the test is satisfactory, I hope to get full marks in it. I attempted eleven
questions. The answer to one question was wrong. But it was an extra question.
I hope that you are satisfied with my explanation now.
Pay my regards to everyone at home.
Yours affectionately,
X. Y. Z.
5.letter to your father requesting him to send you some
extra funds for the payment of hostel
dues.
Examination Hall,
City A.B.C.
August 11,2015.
Dear Father,
I have been planning to write to you for many days
but could not find time to do so. My exams are drawing near and I am busy
preparing for them. I have already revised my course. You need not worry about
my studies.
The only problem that I face these days is that I am
short of money as I bought some books which has upset my budget. I shall be
very grateful if you send me at least two thousand rupees to pay my hostel dues
and meet my other needs.
Yours affectionately,
X. Y. Z.
6. Letter to your brother about the importance of the study of
science subjects.
Examination Hall,
City A.B.C.
August 11,2015.
Dear Ahmad,
I hope this letter finds you in the best of health
spirits. You have now been promoted to class 9th. It is time for you to decide
whether you would like to study humanities or science subjects. The world has
progressed very much in the field of science. If we want to keep pace with it,
we must keep our knowledge of science up-to-date. Every one should know the
basics of science so I would advise you to study science at least up to
matriculation level.
Convey my salaam to your friends.
Yours affectionately,
X. Y. Z.
7. Write a letter to your friend congratulating him/her on his/her
birthday.
Examination Hall,
City A.B.C.
August 11,2015.
Dear Akram,
I am specially writing this letter to
congratulate you on your birthday. I owe a gift and you will get it when you
come to Lahore. I was going to send it to you by post but then I was informed
that you plan to come to Lahore. So I decided to give it to you personally. I
am waiting for you.
Convey my respects to aunt and uncle.
Wishing you the best.
Yours sincerely,
X. Y. Z.
8. Write a letter to your friend requesting her to spend her
spring holidays with you.
Examination Hall,
City A.B.C.
August 11,2015.
Dear Aamira,
You know that our spring holidays are approaching. I
would like you to spend these holidays with me. In your last letter you promised
to come to me during these holidays. Now it is time to fulfill your promise.
We shall visit our common friends and do some
shopping. Inform me as early as possible about the exact date of your arrival
so that I make further arrangements accordingly.
Wishing you the best.
Yours sincerely,
X. Y. Z.
9. Write a letter to your friend congratulating him on the
marriage of his sister.
Examination Hall,
City A.B.C.
August 11,2015.
Dear Rizwan,
I am very pleased to learn about the marriage
ceremony of your sister. Accept my heartiest congratulation on this occasion.
I have received your invitation card but I do not
think I will be able to attend the ceremony as I will be busy in my exams. I
really feel sorry for that.
Convey my congratulations and my best wishes
to all the members of your family.
Wishing you the best.
Yours sincerely,
X. Y. Z.
10. Write a letter to your friend requesting him to lend you some
books.
Examination Hall,
City A.B.C.
August 11,2015.
Dear Ali,
My examination is over and I have not much to
do these days. I am thinking of improving my English. You talked once about
your fine collection of English novels and plays. I want to borrow a few novels
from you. I hope that you not refuse. I assure you that I shall take care of
your books. I shall try to return these books as early as possible.
Pay my compliments to your
parents.
Yours sincerely,
X. Y. Z.
11. Write a letter to your friend thanking her for hospitality
during your visit to her house.
Examination Hall,
City A.B.C.
August 11,2015.
Dear Saba,
I reached home last Sunday. I
had a comfortable journey and reached home safe. I miss you very much. I spent
very good time with you. I enjoyed your company. I shall never forget the taste
of Biryani and Quorma you cooked one day. I must thank you for the trip to
Murree that you specially arranged for me.
Convey my thanks to aunt and uncle for
their kindness and love. They really made me feel at home.
Yours sincerely,
X. Y. Z.
12. Write a letter to your friend condoling the death of his
mother.
Examination Hall,
City A.B.C.
August 11,2015.
Dear Aamer,
I have just received the news of your
mother’s death. I am really shocked to hear it. She was very noble lady. I had
special attachment to her. She loved me as her own son. But the laws of nature
are absolute. We have to bow before them.
All my sympathies are with you. I hope that
you will bear this loss with patience and courage. My her soul rest in heaven!
Yours truly,
X. Y. Z.
13. Write a letter to your brother advising him to improve his
health.
Examination Hall,
City A.B.C.
August 11,2015.
Dear Ahmad,
I met Munir last night and he informed me
that you were over worked in your studies. You stay awake till late night and
have become very weak. I appreciate your love for knowledge but it must not be
allowed to damage your health. First take care of your health, then of your studies.
Try to sleep early and develop a habit of taking morning walk. I suggest you to
have a light exercise in the morning also.
I hope that you will give attention to
my advice.
Yours affectionately,
X. Y. Z.
14. Write a letter to your sister thanking her for a gift.
Examination Hall,
City A.B.C.
August 11,2015.
Dear Sammrah,
I hope that you are in good health. I
received your gift of a wrist watch on my birth day two days ago. It is a
beautiful watch. I needed it badly too as I happened to lose my watch in a
mishap a few days ago. I promise that I shall take care of it. It will also
help to make me punctual.
I thank you again for this precious gift.
Yours affectionately,
X. Y. Z.
15. Write a letter to your friend thanking him for the books he
lent to you.
Examination Hall,
City A.B.C.
August 11,2015.
Dear Akbar,
I have received the books you lent me the day
before yesterday. I am really grateful to you for this.. I have already started
reading these books and I hope to return them very soon.
Thanking you again.
Yours truly,
X. Y. Z.
_________________________________________________________________________________
Comprehension
of Passages
1- One day a wolf
felt very hungry. He wandered here and there in search of food but he could not
find anything to eat. At last he saw a flock of sheep grazing in a pasture. He
wanted to eat one but they were guarded by a hound. The shepherd’s son was also
tending the flock vigilantly. The wolf found himself helpless. At last he hit
upon a plan. He hid himself in the skin of a sheep and safely went into the
flock. The hound could not find out the wolf in disguise. He killed a sheep and
ate it without being caught. In this way he ate up many sheep and their number
began to fall everyday. The shepherd was greatly worried but could not find out
the thief.
Questions:
1. Why did the wolf wander about?
2. Did he find anything to eat?
3. Why was the wolf helpless?
4.How did he get into the flock?
5. Why was the shepherd worried?
6. Did he find out the thief?
Answers:
1. The wolf wander about in search of food.
2. No, he did not find anything to eat.
3. The wolf was helpless as the flock was guarded by a hound.
4. He hid himself in the skin of a sheep and safely went into the
flock.
5. He was worried because the number of sheep began to fall every
day.
6.No, he did not find out the thief.
_________________________________________________________________________________
2- On a hot
summer day a fox felt very thirsty. He went about in search of water but could
not find water. At last he reached a well. He peeped into it. Unfortunately, he
slipped and fell into the well. A goat happened to pass by the well and looked
into it.
What are you doing here uncle? The cunning fox replied. “Dear nice.
I am enjoying a swim down here. It is very pleasant, come down and enjoy
yourself too”. The goat was also thirsty, she jumped into the well.
Questions:
1. What happened to the thirsty fox?
2 Who passed by the well just then?
3. What did the goat do?
4. What did the goat say to the fox?
5. What did the fox say in reply?
6. Why did the goat jump into the well?
Answers:
1. He slipped and fell into the well.
2. A goat happened to pass by the well just then.
3. The goat looked into the well.
4. The goat said to the fox, “What are you doing here uncle?”
5. The cunning fox replied,”I am enjoying a swim down here.”
6.The goat jumped into the as she was taken in by the cunning
fox.
_________________________________________________________________________________
3- Once a
stag was drinking at a stream. He happened to see his reflection in the water.
He was pleased to see his beautiful horns, but when he saw his thin legs he
felt sad as he thought they were ugly. Suddenly he saw a pack of hounds at a
distance. He ran as fast as his legs could help him. Soon he left the hounds
far behind. He had to pass through a thick forest of bushes. His horns got
caught in a bush. He tried hard to pull his horns out of it but all in vain. By
now the hounds had come up. They fell upon him and tore him to pieces.
Questions:
1. What was the stag doing?
2. What did he see in the water?
3. Why was he pleased?
4. What made him sad?
5. Why did he run?
6. How did his legs help him?
Answers:
1. Stag was drinking water.
2. He saw his reflection.
3. He was pleased to see his beautiful horns.
4. His thin legs made him sad.
5. He ran for his life.
6. His legs helped him to run fast.
_________________________________________________________________________________
4- King
Robert Bruce ruled over Scotland. He had been defeated many times by the
English. He ran for his life and hid himself in a cave. He had lost all hope to
win. As he lay there thinking if he should give up his struggle or not he saw a
spider trying to reach its cobweb in the ceiling of the cave. It fell down
again and again but did not give up its effort. At last the little insect
reached its home in its ninth attempt. This gave courage to king Bruce. He made
up his mind to fight and this time he won the battle.
Questions:
1. By whom had Robert Bruce been defeated many times?
2. Where did he hide himself?
3. What did he see in the cave?
4. After how many attempts did the spider succeed?
5. What lesson did king Bruce learn from the spider?
Answers:
1. He had been defeated many times by the English.
2. He hid himself in a cave.
3. He saw a spider trying to reach its cobweb up in the
ceiling of the cave.
4. The spider succeeded in its ninth attempt.
5. The king learnt the lesson,”Try, try again till you
succeed.”
_________________________________________________________________________________
5- For three
years, the master and all his relatives lived in this valley. Many of the
Muslims too joined them. All supplies to the valley were cut off. The Makkans
saw to it that no food or drink reached the Banu Hashim. The poor Banu Hashim
had to live on the leaves and roots of trees and bushes. The condition of
children was particularly pitiable. At last some kind hearted Makkans took pity
on Banu Hashim. They tore to pieces the agreement hanging in the Kaaba.
The hunger stricken Banu Hashim were thus able to come back to their homes.
Questions:
1. Who lived for three years in the valley?
2. Who joined the master and his relatives?
3. What did the Makkans do?
4. How did the Banu Hashim live?
5. What was the condition of the children?
6. Who took piety on the Banu Hashim?
Answers:
1. The master and all his relatives lived in the valley.
2. Many of the Muslims joined them.
3. All the supplies of food and drink to the valley were cut off
by the Makkans.
4. They lived on
the leaves and roots of the trees.
5. The condition of the children was pitiable.
6. Some kind hearted Makkans took piety on Banu Hashim.
_________________________________________________________________________________
6- We see a
kind of milk in tins. It is powdered milk. All the water in this milk has
evaporated. When fresh milk stays in a dish for a little time, the thick part
of the milk comes to the top. It is the cream of the milk. From this cream
people make butter. If milk with the cream on it is made into powder, it is
called Full Cream Milk Powder. When something floating is taken off the top of
a liquid we say it is skimmed. When the cream is skimmed from the milk, the
thin milk that stays is called “Skim Milk”. Skim milk is a good milk but it has
no fat in it. It is not good for very young babies.
Questions:
1. Is the milk in tins powered or liquid?
2. What becomes of the water in the milk?
3. What comes to the top of the fresh milk when it stays a little
in a dish?
4. What does the thick part of the milk have in it?
5. What is cream?
6. What do people make from cream?
Answers:
1. The milk in the tins is powdered.
2. The water in the milk evaporates.
3. The thick part of the milk comes to the top.
4. The thick part of the milk has fat in it.
5. Cream is the fat of the milk which comes to the top of it.
6. People make butter from cream.
_________________________________________________________________________________
7- Hazrat
Khalid Bin Waleed (R.A.) Was extremely kind-hearted and just to the people. His
army has strict orders not to do any harm to the farmers, aged persons, women,
children and other civilians. “They are the real strength of society”, he said,
“They should always be treated with kindness and respect”. This was something
new for the conquered people, who felt very happy now. The Iranian and
Byzantine officers were very hard on them. Hazrat Khalid Bin Waleed’s treatment
won their hearts so much that they began to hate their cruel old masters.
Questions:
1. How did Hazrat Khalid Bin Waleed (R.A.) Treat the
people?
2. What were the orders given to the army?
3. What did he say about the farmers and civilians?
4. How had their former masters treated them?
5. How did Hazrat Khalid Bin Waleed (R.A.) Win the hearts of the
conquered people?
6. Why id the people hate their old masters?
Answers:
1. He was extremely kind hearted and just to the people.
2. His army was ordered not to do any harm to the farmers and
other civilians.
3. He said, “They are the real strength of society.
4. They were very hard on them.
5. He won their hearts with good attitude and kindness.
6. The people began to hate their old masters due to their
cruelty and unkindness.
_________________________________________________________________________________
8- The age
of steam has yielded place to the age of electricity. We have harnessed and
introduced it into the service of man. The electric telegraph bears our message
to and brings us news from all quarters of the world. Submarine cable does its
own work all right.
Who is not familiar with the electric bell? Who has not used telephones?
Who is not enjoying electric light? Electric motors, wireless telegraphy,
electric railway, electric mods of construction and destruction all attest to
the great power of the electricity; Electricity has developed modern industry
and has created many industries. It has enabled man to conquer land, the sea
and the air.
Questions:
1. Why do we call the present age the age of electricity?
2. Which age has yielded place to the age of electricity?
3. How do we send and receive messages?
4. State some important uses of electricity.
5. What do you think is the future of the electricity?
Answers:
1. We call the present age the age of electricity as a lot of
things are done with the help of
electricity.
2. The steam age has yield place to the age of electricity.
3. We use telegraph, telephone and wireless to send and receive
messages.
4. Railways, factories and mills work with the help of
electricity.
5. Electricity promises the bright future for mankind.
_________________________________________________________________________________
9- A man is
known by the company he keeps. A good student should avoid the company of those
who keep playing all the time. Many students miss their classes and seldom do
their homework because some other fellow students do the same. There are
hardworking students also who work while others play. They enjoy the game of
their choice because they know that playing games is essential for health. A
sick student is not so quick in learning his lesson as a healthy one.
Questions:
1. What kind of a company should a good student keep?
2. Why do some students miss their classes?
3. Why do good students enjoy good health?
4. Why are games necessary for students?
5. Where does the success of a student lie?
Answers:
1. A good student should keep good company.
2. They miss their classes because some other fellow students do
the same.
3. Good students enjoy good health because they work and play at
proper time.
4. Games are necessary for the students because games keep them
healthy.
5. The success of a student lies in following a timetable of work
and play.
_________________________________________________________________________________
10- Newspapers keep us
constantly in touch with the whole of mankind. In olden days a man’s world
consisted of his own village and one or two neighbouring villages. It was
difficult for him to know what was going on in other parts of the country. But
today the press assisted by rapid means of communication brings us news from
the farthest corners of the globe. The press is also responsible for educating
public opinion. The laws of a nation are really shaped by its press. In fact
the public receives guidance from the news papers. Thus their power in modern
times is really great.
Questions:
1. What good do the newspapers do to us?
2. Why in olden days man could not know what was going on in far
off places?
3. What is the responsibility of the press today?
4. How are the laws of a country shaped now a days?
5. How are newspapers a source of public guidance?
6. What is your opinion about the power of press?
Answers:
1. Newspapers keep us in touch with the whole of mankind.
2. In olden days man could not know what was taking place at
distant places for want of
Means of communications and newspapers.
3. Today the press is responsible for educating the public
opinion.
4. Newspapers play a great part in shaping the laws of a country.
5. Newspapers bring us full information relating to all aspects
of the society.
6. Press has great power.
_________________________________________________________________________________
11- About sixty
years ago the question of choosing a profession was not taken up seriously. A
son generally followed the trade of his father. But nowadays one can take up a
trade one like. The students who make the right choice of profession are always
successful. For the right choice of a profession there should be some definite
aim.
The
students who do not have any definite aim suffer a lot in the end as they have
also a difficulty in finding an employment. In choosing a profession the
teacher and the parents play a very important part. The teacher keeps an eye on
his pupils. He studies their habits. So he can put his pupils on the right path
of life.
Questions:
1. What were the conditions about the choice of a profession
sixty years ago?
2. Why did the people not choose the profession seriously?
3. Can a student of the present times choose his profession
freely?
4. What is the advantage of a right choice of a profession?
5. How can a student choose his profession rightly?
6. What will be the difficulty of a student who is reading
without a definite aim?
7. How can a teacher help his pupil in making a choice of
profession?
Answers:
1. About sixty years ago the question of choosing a profession
was not taken up seriously.
2. The people did not choose the profession seriously because A
son followed the trade of his
father.
3. Yes, a student of the present times choose his profession
freely.
4. Achievement of success is the advantage of a right choice of a
profession
5. For the right choice of a profession there should be some
definite aim.
6. He will face difficulty in finding an employment.
7. The teacher keeps an eye on his pupils. He studies their
habits. So he can put his pupils on
the right path of life.
_________________________________________________________________________________
12- Making pottery
on the potter’s wheel is called “throwing”. The thrower is a very skillful
workman. But there is another method of shaping articles out of clay-moulding.
A plaster mould is made and the clay is pressed onto it. This is a quicker and
less difficult way and must be used to make things like handles; but all the
most beautiful pottery is thrown. When a piece of pottery is taken off the
wheel, it is put aside to dry, after which a design may be painted on it with
special colours that will stand great heat; it is then ready to be fired. This
is done in a large oven, or kiln. The pieces of pottery are placed in
earthenware tubs called “Saggers” so that the flames cannot touch the pottery.
Questions:
1. What is throwing?
2. What is the other method of shaping articles?
3. What is the advantage of moulding ?
4. How does the potter make designs on the pieces of pottery?
5. How is the pottery baked in fire?
Answers:
1. Making pottery on the potter’s wheel is called “throwing”.
2. The other method of shaping articles is “ moulding ”.
3. This is a quicker and less difficult way to make pottery
things.
4. He makes designs on the pieces of pottery with special colours
5. This is done in a large oven, or kiln.
_________________________________________________________________________________
13- The Sultan sent
agents to all parts of the East to buy rare manuscripts, and bring them back to
Cordova. His men were constantly searching the bookseller’s shops at Cairo,
Damascus and Baghdad for rare volumes for his library. When the book was not to
be bought any price, he would have it copied; and sometimes even hear of a book
which was only in the author’s brain, and send him a handsome present, and beg
him to send the first copy to Cordova. By such means he gathered not fewer than
four hundred thousand books and this at a time when printing was unknown, and
every copy had to be painfully copied, in the fine clear hand of the
professional copyist.
Questions:
1. Why did Sultan send his agents to all parts of the East?
2. Where and what for they searched the bookseller’s shops?
3. What would he do when any book was not to be bought at any
price?
4. What would he do when the author had not yet written the book?
5. How many books had he gathered?
6. Why was it difficult to collect so many books in those days?
Answers:
1. The Sultan sent agents to all parts of the East to buy rare
manuscripts.
2. They were searching the bookseller’s shops at Cairo, Damascus
and Baghdad.
3. He would have it copied.
4. He would have send him a handsome present, and beg him to send
the first copy to
Cordova.
5. He had gathered four hundred thousand books.
6. It was a time when printing was unknown, and every copy had to
be painfully copied.
_________________________________________________________________________________
14- Musa was in chief
command, and the gates were in his charge. They had been barred when the
Christians came in view; but Musa threw them open. “Our bodies” he said, “will
bar the gates”. The young men were kindled by such words, and when he told them
, “We have nothing to fight for but the ground we stand on; and without that we
are without a home or a country”, they were ready to die with him. With such a
leader, the Moorish Cavaliers performed feats of bravery in the plain which
divided the camp from the city.
Questions:
1. Who was the chief commander and what was in his charge?
2. When were the gates barred?
3. Who threw them open?
4. What did Musa say?
5. What effect had his words on the young men?
6. What divided the city from the camp?
Answers:
1. Musa was in chief command, and the gates were in his charge.
2. The gates were barred when the Christians came in view.
3. Musa threw them open.
4. He said, “Our bodies will bar the gates”.
5. The young men were kindled by such words and they were ready
to die with him.
6. The plain divided the city from the camp.
_________________________________________________________________________________
15- Early rising is
a good habit as it gives us early start of our day’s work. We gain time while
the late risers are asleep. The early risers have another advantage also and
that is that they enjoy good and sound health. Those who are out of bed early have
plenty of time to do their work carefully, steadily and completely. They do not
have to put off anything to the next day. The early riser is always happy,
fresh and smart. He enjoys his work while those who get up late find their duty
dull and dry and do it unwillingly. Early rising is therefore, a key to success
in life.
Questions:
1. What kind of habit early rising is?
2. Why can an early riser do more work than the late riser?
3. Why does an early riser enjoy good health?
4. Why does a late riser find his work dull and dry?
5. What is the key to success in life?
Answers:
1. Early rising is a good habit.
2. He takes an early start of his day’s work. So he can do more
work than the late riser.
3. He enjoy’s good health because he is always happy, fresh and
smart.
4. He finds his work dull and dry because he does his work
unwillingly.
5. Early rising is the key to success in life.
_________________________________________________________________________________
16- Some ants are
social insects. It means that they live in societies, cooperate with one
another and do only the work assigned to them. They go out in search of food in
an orderly fashion, marching in lines and columns like soldiers. Different
groups of social ants have different jobs to do. They manage their affairs
through division of labor. Some ants guard ant protect their community. They
fight the other insects who attack them or raid their colony. They are called
soldier ants. Another group gather food for the whole community. The social
ants have not learnt this division of labor. They have inherited it.
Questions:
1. What do we mean by social insects?
2. Why are some ants called social insects?
3. How do the ants cooperate with one an other?
4. What principle do they follow while doing their work?
5. Why are the members of a certain group called soldier ants?
6. How have the ants learnt the principle of division of labor?
Answers:
1. It means the insects that live in societies, cooperate with
one another.
2. Some ants called social insects because they live in
societies.
3. They manage their affairs through division of labor.
4. Division of labor is the principle that they follow during
their work.
5. They called soldier ants because they fight the other insects
who attack them.
6. They have not learnt this division of labor. They have
inherited it.
_________________________________________________________________________________
17- Iqbal is not
only the greatest poet of our age, but also one of the greatest poets of all
times. There are not many poets who wrote as many great poems as he did. He did
not write poetry for poetry’s sake. He was in fact much more than a mere poet.
He was a learned man. He was a great scholar and philosopher. He was a
political leader of great importance. But more than anything he was a Muslim
who had a great love for God and His prophet (peace be upon him). He wrote
poetry to express the great and ever lasting truths of philosophy, history and
Islam. He wrote poetry to awaken the Muslims of the whole world from the deep
sleep and asked them to unite.
Questions:
1. Why is Iqbal considered to be one of the greatest poets of all
times?
2. Did he write poetry for poetry’s sake?
3. How can you say that Iqbal was much more than a mere poet?
4. What kind of a Muslim was Iqbal?
5. With what aim did he write poetry?
6. What was Iqbal’s call to the Muslims of the whole world?
Answers:
1. Iqbal considered to be one of the greatest poets of all times
because he wrote as many great
poems.
2. No, he did not write poetry for poetry’s sake.
3. He was much more than a mere poet as he was a learned man, a
great scholar and a
philosopher.
4. He was a Muslim who had a great love for God and His prophet
(P.B.U.H.).
5. He wrote poetry to awaken the Muslims of the whole world from
the deep sleep.
6. He asked the Muslims of the whole world to unite.
________________________________________________________________________________
18- One day a girl
found a coin. It rolled away before her broom when she was sweeping the yard,
and fell with a little clatter against the wall. She ran and picked it up.
Someone had dropped it while crossing the yard and perhaps had not even
troubled to look for it. It was worth little. But is seemed a whole fortune to
her, who never had anything of her own before. She rubbed it clean on the
sleeve of her blue cotton jacket and put it into her pocket.
Questions:
1. What did the girl find?
2. When did she find it?
3. How had the coin been dropped there?
4. What was the worth of the coin?
5. Why was it a whole fortune for her?
6. How did she clean it?
7. What did she do after cleaning it?
Answers:
1. One day a girl found a coin.
2. She find it while she was sweeping the yard.
3. Someone had dropped it while crossing the yard.
4. The coin was worth little.
5. It was a whole fortune to her, because she never had anything
of her own before.
6. She cleaned it by rubbing it on the sleeve of her jacket.
7. She put it into her pocket after cleaning it.
_________________________________________________________________________________
19- In December,
1930 Dr. Muhammad Iqbal was invited to preside over the annual meeting of the
All India Muslim League at Allahabad. In his address he openly opposed the idea
of power-sharing together of Hindus and Muslims as one nation. He declared that
the move to apply one constitution to both the Hindus and Muslims would result
in a civil war. He wanted to see the Punjab, Sind, Baluchistan and the NWFP a
single state for the Muslims, so that they should live according to the
teachings of Islam. We can say that Allama Iqbal was the first thinker to give
us the idea of a separate homeland for the Muslims of India i.e.partition of
the Sub-continent into two sovereign states. The Muslims soon realized the
importance of the demand for two separate states. It was when the Pakistan
Resolution was adopted in 1940.
Questions:
1. Where was the Annual meeting of All India Muslim League held
in 1930?
2. Who was invited to preside over the session?
3. What idea did Alama Iqbal oppose?
4. Which provinces did he want to be included in the Muslim
state?
5. On what grounds did he demand a separate state for the Muslims
of India?
6. When was the Pakistan Resolution moved?
Answers:
1. The Annual meeting of All India Muslim League held in 1930 at
Allahabad.
2. Dr. Muhammad Iqbal was invited to preside over the session.
3. He opposed the idea of power-sharing together of Hindus and
Muslims as one nation.
4. He wanted to see the Punjab, Sind, Baluchistan and the NWFP a
single state for the
Muslims.
5. He demanded a separate state for the Muslims of India on the
grounds of th teachings of
Islam.
6. The Pakistan Resolution was moved in 1940.
_________________________________________________________________________________
20- The Indian
National Congress was founded in 1885 by a liberal English man Mr. A.O. Hume.
He had joined the Indian Civil Service in 1849 and retired from service after
shouldering different responsibilities. He had been watching the ugly law and
order situation in the country quite frequently. He was of the opinion that the
highhanded rule of Britishers was paving way for any unexpected outburst of
violence. His plan was to put a safety valve to minimize the mounting
sentiments against the British rule. It was meant to provide an outlet which
could ventilate the revolutionary spirit. Mr. Hume put his plan before Lord
Duffrin.
Questions:
1. Who founded the Indian National Congress?
2. Who was Mr. A.O. Hume?
3. When was the Indian National Congress founded?
4. Why did Hume think of founding this political organization?
5. With whom did he discuss his plan?
Answers:
1. The Indian National Congress was founded by Mr. A.O. Hume.
2. He was a liberal English man.
3. It was founded in 1885.
4. He wanted to provide an outlet which could ventilate the
revolutionary spirit.
5. He discussed his plan with Lord Duffrin.
_________________________________________________________________________________
21- There was once
a man whose doctor gave him medicine which was quite black. His servant who was
illiterate made a mistake and poured out a dose of ink in place of the drug. He
gave it to his master who drank it. After the patient had taken the dose of ink
the servant somehow realized his mistake. He ran back to his master and said,
“Sir, I have given you a dose of ink instead of the medicine as both were
equally black. What should be done now?” The master replied softly, “Now give
me a piece of blotting paper to sallow.
Questions:
1. What was the colour of the medicine?
2. What did the servant give to his master?
3. When did the servant come to know of his mistake?
4. What did the servant do?
5. What did the master say to his servant?
Answers:
1. It’s colour was black.
2. He gave the dose of ink instead of medicine.
3. After the patient had taken the dose of ink the servant
somehow realized his mistake.
4. He told his master that he had given him the dose of ink
instead of medicine.
5. The master said to him, “Now give me a piece of blotting paper
to sallow.
_________________________________________________________________________________
22- There lived a
monkey in a forest. One day he was going about in search of food as he was very
hungry. At last he entered the house of a former. There was no body in the
house. The monkey found a hard vessel with a narrow opening. He put his hand
into it. It had grains in it. He took a handful of these and tried to pull his
hand out but he could not do so with his closed fist. After some time the owner
of the house came up. His dog was also with him. The dog fell upon the monkey
and tore him to pieces. Thus the monkey met his fate due to his greed.
Questions:
1. Where did the monkey live?
2. Why did he enter the house of a farmer?
3. What did he find there?
4. What was in the vessel?
5. What did the monkey do?
6. Why could he not pull his hand out of the vessel?
7. How did the monkey meet his fate?
Answers:
1. The monkey lived in a forest.
2. He entered the house of a farmer in search of food.
3. He found there a hard vessel with a narrow opening.
4. It had grains in it.
5. He put his hand into the vessel.
6. He could not do so with his closed fist.
7. The dog of the farmer fell upon the monkey and tore him to
pieces.
_________________________________________________________________________________
23- A tailor ran a
shop in a bazar. An elephant used to go to the river through the bazzar. The
tailor gave him a bun every day. One day the tailor pricked a needle into the
trunk of the elephant. The elephant became angry but went away. On return he
filled his trunk with muddy water. On reaching the shop of the tailor he put
his trunk into it and squirted the dirty water into the shop of the tailor. All
the fine and new dresses of his customers were spoiled. He was very sorry for
annoying the elephant but it was no use crying over split milk.
Questions:
1. Where did the elephant go every day?
2. What did the tailor give him?
3. What mistake did the tailor make one day?
4. What did the elephant do after drinking water?
5. How did the elephant punish the tailor for his mistake?
6. What is the moral of the story?
Answers:
1. The elephant went to the river every day.
2. The tailor gave him a bun.
3. One day the tailor pricked a needle into the trunk of the
elephant.
4. It filled his trunk with muddy water.
5. On reaching the shop of the tailor he put his trunk into it
and squirted the dirty water into
the shop of the tailor.
6. “ Tit fir tat”.
_______________________________________________________________________________
24- A professional
player is quite different from an amateur. His main aim is to make money. He
plays the game to earn money or win a name. On the other hand the amateur
player has no such aim. He plays because he get pleasure in playing. Games not
only give him recreation but also physical exercise. He enjoys good health and
a sound physique. He plays the game as he should. He observes all the rules and
regulations of games. The amateur player plays honestly. He becomes a
disciplined gentleman and a responsible citizen. He accepts defeat but does not
resort to cheating or other unfair means to win. If he wins a game he feels
happy but he is not sad at losing one.
Questions:
1. What is the meant by professional player?
2. With what aim does he play games?
3. What make an amateur player a responsible citizen?
4. What qualities of true sportsmanship does a professional
player lack?
5. How does an amateur player differ from a professional player?
6. How does an amateur player take his defeat?
7. Who plays a game for the sake of the game?
Answers:
1. A professional player is a person that plays to make money or
win a name.
2. He plays to make money or win a name.
3. He observes all the rules and regulations of games, so he
becomes a responsible citizen.
4. He lacks recreation.
5. Unlike a professional player, he plays the game as he should
and plays honestly.
6. He accepts defeat but does not resort to cheating or other
unfair means to win.
7. An amateur player plays a game for the sake of the game.
_________________________________________________________________________________
25- The camel is
rightly called the “ship of the desert”. It is the best means of transport in
the deserts. Camels go slow. But they go on walking for hours on the burning
sand and in the blazing sun. Camels carry heavy loads, much heavier in weight
than any other beast of burden can. While the other animal’s feet sink into the
sand, nature has made the feet of camel such that it is not at all difficult
for it to walk on sand. The camel is superior to all other animals because it
can go without food and drink for days and weeks. It can store food and water.
Its hump is also a store of food which the camel use when thy get nothing to
eat and drink for many days. In deserts only bushes grow here and there and the
camel can live on these.
Questions:
1. Why is camel called the ship of desert?
2. Is it for its speed that it is called the ship of desert?
3. What difficulty do the other beasts of burden have to face
while walking on the sand?
4. Why does a camel walk easily on the loose sand of the desert?
5. What special quality makes camel superior to other animals
used for transport?
6. How does the camel go without food and water for days and
weeks?
7. What does the camel generally live on?
Answers:
1. The camel is rightly called the “ship of the desert” because
it can walk on sand easily with
heavy loads.
2. No, it is not for its speed that it is called the ship of
desert.
3. The feet of other beasts of burden sink into the sand.
4. A camel walk easily on the loose sand of the desert due to its
foot pad.
5. It can go without food and drink for days and weeks, because
It can store food and water.
6. The camel has a hump to store food and water.
7. The generally lives on desert bushes.
